2003年考研英语一真题及答案，2003年考研英语一真题及答案解析(完整版)
1. In recent years , railroads have been combining with each other , merging into supersystems , causing heightened concerns about monopoly .
结构：
In recent years ,railroads [主] have been combining with [谓] each other [宾] ,merging into supersystems ,causing heightened concerns about monopoly
单词：
Merge vt.合并
词组：
Combine with 合并
Merge into 并入 结合
Concern about 对…表示担心 使关心…
直译：最近几年，铁路业一直在互相兼并，合并到超级系统里，这导致了对垄断的高度担忧
译文：最近几年，铁路行业纷纷彼此合并，组成超级体系，导致人们高度关注垄断
重点：
Combine with 合并Merge into 并入 结合Concern about 对…表示担心 使关心…
2. As recently as 1995 , the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles by rails .
结构：
As recently as 1995 ,the top four railroads [主] accounted for [谓] under 70 percent of the total ton-miles by rails [宾]
单词：
Ton-mile n.吨里数
词组：
As recently as 最近的 不久前的
Account for 占
直译：最近的1995年，前4家铁路企业占铁路总吨里数不足70%
译文：在不久前的1995年，4家主要铁路公司的运营量还不到全国铁路运营总量的70%
3. Next year , after a series of mergers is completed , just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers .
结构：
Next year ,after a series of mergers [主] is completed [谓],just four railroads [主] will control [谓] well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers [宾]
单词：
Merger n.合并
freight n.货运 货物
词组：
A series of 一连串 一系列
解析：
Moved非谓语动词作定语，修饰freight
直译：明年，一连串的合并完成之后，仅仅四家铁路企业将会控制主要铁路拥有者所有货运量的90%以上
译文：第二年，在一系列的合并完成之后，这4家铁路公司将占主要铁路公司货运总量的90%以上
重点：
Moved非谓语动词作定语，修饰freight
4. Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service .
结构：
Supporters of the new supersystems [主] argue [谓]宾语从句：that these mergers [主] will allow for [谓] substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service [宾]
单词：
Substantial a.大量的 很大程度的
coordinate vt.协调 搭配 n.坐标 a.协调的
Ordinate n.纵坐标
词组：
Allow for 考虑到 有利于
解析：
that引导宾语从句，做argue的宾语
直译：新铁路超级体系的支持者认为，这些合并将会有利于大量的降低成本和提供更好的协调服务
译文：这种新型超级体系的支持者宣称，这些合并有利于大幅度降低成本，改善协调服务
重点：
Allow for 考虑到 有利于that引导宾语从句，做argue的宾语
5. Any threat of monopoly , they argue , is removed by fierce competition from trucks .But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances , such as coal , chemicals , and grain , trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat .
结构：
Any threat of monopoly [主]插入语：, they argue ,is removed [谓] by fierce competition from trucks [宾] .But many shippers [主] complain [谓]宾语从句：that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances , such as coal , chemicals , and grain [状] , trucking [主1] is [系1] too costly [表1] and the railroads [主2] therefore have [谓2] them by the throat [宾2]
单词：
Truck n.货车 货运
Bulk n.大块 大部分 大批地
Distance n.距离
Coal n.煤
Chemical n.化学药剂
Grain n.谷物 粮食
deliberately ad.故意的 有意的
词组：
Fierce competition 激烈竞争
解析：
They argue 是插入语截断了主语和谓语that引导宾语从句，做complain的宾语宾语从句中，两个句子并列
直译：他们认为，铁路业任何的垄断威胁都会在与货车运输的激烈竞争中被消除。但是，很多托运人抱怨，对于那些进行长距离运输的重的和体积大的货物来说，比如煤炭，化学药剂，和粮食，货车运输的成本非常高，因此铁路企业将会拿住他们的软肋
译文：他们认为，垄断的威胁可以通过来自公路运输的激烈竞争而消除。但是许多托运商却抱怨说，像煤炭，化学制品和粮食这样的大宗货物通过公路长途运输成本太高，而铁路公司因此而主宰一切
重点：
They argue 是插入语截断了主语和谓语that引导宾语从句，做complain的宾语宾语从句中，两个句子并列
2003年考研英语一参考及答案(2003年考研英语一参考及答案解析(完整版))