考研英语语法，考研英语语法谁讲得好
第四章 形容词和副词精讲与精练
一、形容词和副词讲前练：用所给单词的适当形式填空
For many people,life is a lot [1]_____(easy) today.Medicine and diet are improving [2]______(quick),and people are getting [3]________(healthy) and living [4]______(long). But the area of life that is changing [5]___________(quickly) of all is communication. Fifty years ago, computers were much [6]_______ (big) and less [7]_________ (power) than they are now. Today, we use the internet, so we can communicate [8]___________(easy) with friends all over the world.
Not all the changes are [9]___________(well) ones. More people drive cars instead of riding bikes, so they aren’t as [10]_________(fitness) as they were. Traffic doesn’t just make the roads [11]_______ (crowd), it also makes pollution [12]__________ (bad). We must all think [13]_________(careful) about how we can use [14]___________ (little) energy. We must all work [15]_________ (hardly) to reduce pollution.
Keys:1.easier 2.quickly 3.healthier 4.longer 5.(the)most quickly 6.bigger 7.powerful 8.easily 9.good 10.fit 11.crowded 12. worse 13.carefully 14.less 15.hard
二、形容词考点精讲：
形容词考点1、形容词的基本特征与功能
1、作定语一般位于被修饰名词的前面（修饰不定代词时放在不定代词的后面）
A sunny day阳光明媚的一天 a kind person 一个和蔼可亲的人
A funny story 一个滑稽可笑的故事 classical music 古典音乐
I havesomething interestingto tell you.
以a开头的表语形容词(alive、afraid、alike、asleep)或形容词短语作定语时放在被修饰词的后面。
a bottle filled with water 装满水的瓶子 the baby awake醒着的婴儿
2、作表语用在系动词后面
I’m feeling lonely.我感到孤独。Mr. Yang is very strict with students.杨老师对学生非常严格。
3、作补足语
He found the house empty.他发现房子是空的。【宾语补足语】
The house was found empty.房子被发现是空的。【主语补足语】
I think it impossible for him to complete the work before the dark.
我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成工作。【宾语补足语】
4、作状语：形容词作状语说明主语的状态
Hungry and tired, I had to stop to have a rest.又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。
5、“The + 形容词”表示一类人或物，作主语或宾语，作主语时位于用复数。
The new will take the place of the old. 新事物将代替旧事物。
考点对练1:用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The baby ___________(sleep) is Mrs Green’s son.
2.The house ___________(fully) of smoke belongs to Mr. White.
3.The man _______________(responsibility) for the trip is handsome.
4.He is the person________________(awareness) of the danger.
5.The river is twenty meters _____________(widely).
=The river is twenty meters in _____________(wide).
6.He is the most ________________(handsomely) man that I have ever met.
7.If we know that gossip can be ___________(harm), then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip—the satisfaction it gives us.
8.Little Tom sat __________(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front him.
9.The old ____________(be) more likely to catch cold than the young.
10.The weather forecast says it will be ________(cloud) with a slight chance of rain later tonight.
11.Listening is thus an active, not a ______________(passively), behavior consisting of hearing,understanding and remembering.Keys:1.asleep2.full3.responsible4.aware5.width6.handsome 7.harmful8.amazed.9.are10.cloudy11.passive
形容词和副词考点2、-ed形容词和-ing形容词的用法
-ed形容词表示“人感到如何的”，-ing形容词用来描写事物，表示“令人怎么样的”
We were excited when we heard the exciting news.听到这个令人激动的消息，我们感到兴奋。
常考的-ed形容词和-ing形容词
amazed（吃惊的）
amused（愉悦的）
annoyed（气恼的）
astonished（惊讶的）
bored（厌烦的）
confused（困惑的）
disappointed（失望的）
discouraged（泄气的）
embarrassed（尴尬的，感到为难的）
excited（兴奋的）
frightened（感到恐惧的）
interested（感兴趣的）
puzzled（困惑的）
satisfied（满意的）
shocked（感到震惊的）
surprised（惊讶的）
worried（担心的）
amazing(令人吃惊的)
amusing（有趣的）
annoying（使人气恼的）
astonishing（令人惊讶的）
boring （厌烦的）
confusing（令人困惑的）
disappointing（令人失望的）
discouraging（令人泄气的）
embarrassing（令人为难的）
exciting（令人兴奋的）
frightening（令人恐惧的）
interesting（有趣的）
puzzling（令人困惑的）
satisfying（令人满意的）
shocking（令人震惊的，可怕的）
surprising（令人惊讶的）
worrying（令人担心的）
形容词和副词考点考点3、带有-ly后缀的形容词
friendly友好的, deadly致命的, lovely可爱的, lonely孤独的, likely可能的, lively生动的，活泼的, ugly丑陋的
注意：下列词既可作形容词也可做副词
daily每日的（地），日常的 weekly每周的（地），monthly每月的（地） yearly每年的(地)
early早的（地）
考点对练2:用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The children were _______after the ________trip.（tire）
2.Tom’s parents are _________ at his _____________ results of the exams.（disappoint）
3.When hearing the_________ news that Michael Jackson passed away, they were________to look at each other. （surprise）
4.A police car appeared on the road, the thief had a___________ look on his face. （frighten）
5.Aids is a ______________(dead) disease, so we should protect ourselves from it.
6.It is___________( like) to rain in all parts of the country today.
Keys:1.tired, tiring 2.disappointed, disappointing 3.surprising, surprised
4.frightened 5.deadly 6.likely
三、副词考点精讲：
副词考点考点1、副词的基本特征与功能
1、副词主要修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，作状语。
He worked hard all his life.他一辈子工作努力。
Fortunately. He was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.
2、副词的构成
规则
例词
1、在形容词后加“ly”
entire–entirely curious– curiously exact–exactly
fortunate–fortunately immediate– immediately
2、将形容词的词尾
“le”变为“ly”
comfortable—comfortably gentle—gently possible—possibly
3、辅音字母加“y”结尾的变y为“i加ly”
busy—busily easy—easily heavy—heavily angry—angrily
hungry—hungrily lucky—luckily happy—happily
4、特殊词
true—truly
5、本身就是副词
fast very quite
副词考点2、两种形式但意义不同的副词
1、high(高)、highly(高度地)
They can jump high. They think highly of us.
2、wide(宽)、widely(广泛地)
He opened his eyes wide. English is widely used in the world.
3、deep(深) 、deeply(深深地)
They worked deep into late. We were deeply moved by his words.
4、hard(努力)、hardly(几乎不)
Study hard and you will make progress. I can hardly recognize him.
5、close(近地)、closely(紧紧地，密切地)
You’d better get close to him. Watch closely.
6、most(最,非常)、mostly(大部分地，主要地)
It’s a most interesting film. The audience consisted mostly of women.
7、late(晚，迟)、lately(最近)
You have come too late. What have you been doing lately.
8、free(免费地)、freely(自由地)
You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.
You may speak freely; say what you like.
考点对练3:用所给词的适当形式填空
1.My sister can speak French ________________(fluent).key:fluently
2.You can only do so if you_________ (true) believe it.Key:truly
3.___________(unlucky),he got stuck in the traffic jam.Key: Unluckily
4.He pushed the stick _____________(depth) into the mud.Key: deep
5.The boys are playing __________ (happy) with the games.key: happily
四、形容词副词比较级与最高级精讲
1、比较级与最高级的构成
构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
① 一般单音节词末尾加-er 和 -est
strong
stronger
strongest
② 单音节词如果以-e结尾，只加-r 和-st
strange
stranger
strangest
③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先
双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-est
sad
big
hot
sadder
bigger
hotter
saddest
biggest
hottest
④ 少数以-y, -er(或-ure), -ow, -ble结尾的双音
节词末尾加-er和-est
(以-y结尾的词，如y前是辅音字母，把y变成i，再加-er和-est，以-e结尾的词仍加-r和-st)
angry
clever
narrow
noble
angrier
cleverer
narrower
nobler
angriest
cleverest
narrowest
noblest
⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most
difficult
more
difficult
most
difficult
不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式
原级
比较级
最高级
good / well
better
best
bad / ill
worse
worst
many / much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther
further
farthest (表距离)
furthest (表程度)
old
older（年龄）
elder（辈分）
注意：the elderly （老人）
oldest
eldest
2、形容词副词比较级与最高级用法
（1）as+原级+as 与….一样
He likes maths as much as he likes English.他喜欢数学就像他喜欢英语一样。
John works as hard as his brother.约翰工作和他哥哥一样努力。
（2）not so/as+原级+as 与….不一样
I can not type as fast as you我打字没有你快。
This book is not as interesting as that one.这本书没有那本书有趣。
（3）比较级+than….Japan is a little larger than Germany. 日本比德国大一点儿。
（4）“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句”(如of all, of the three, in the world, that has ever taken place等)。如：
Of all of the writers in England, William Shakespeare is the most widely known.
（5）副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于副词最高级前定冠词the可以省略。如：
He runs（the）fastest of the three. 三个人中他跑得最快。
（6）比较级+and +比较级：越来越……
I’m convinced that our school will become better and better.我相信我们学校会越来越好。
（7）the +比较级， the +比较级：越……，（就）越……..
The harder you study, the more progress you will make.
你学习越努力，你取得的进步就会越大。
（8）表示倍数的句型
A:“…times ＋形容词 / 副词的比较级＋ than…”
B:“…times +as + 形容词 / 副词的原级＋ as…”
C:“…times + the + 名词（如：size， height， weight， length， width 等）＋ of…”
D:“…times + what 从句”
EG:This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅比我们的教室大 5 倍。
This dictionary is five times as thick as the one you borrowed from the library.
这本词典的厚度是你从图书馆借的那本（厚度）的 5 倍
This river is three times the depth of that one. 这条河是那条河的三倍深
The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.
这条路的长度是三年前的 4 倍。
考点对练4:用所给词的适当形式填空
1、【2014·全国大纲卷改编】Raymond’s parents wanted him to have the __________(good) possible education.
2、The number of people present at the 2016 Olympic Games was much_________(large)than expected. It is hard to book a ticket.
3、This is ____________________(interesting) book that I have ever read.
4、Shenzhou XI is by far ___________(advanced) man-made spaceship in Chinese astronomy.
5、【2015·四川改编】7.Andy is content with the toy. It is _________(good) he has ever got.
6、[2013·天津卷改编] I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are________（many）meaningful things to do.
1.best 2. larger 3.the most interesting 4.the most advanced 5.the best 6.more
五、考点应考技巧：
1、在语法填空题中，注意判断空格处充当什么句子成分, 在名词前作定语，系动词后作表语，宾语后面作宾语补足语时用形容词；作状语时用副词。
2、在改错题中，注意形容词与副词是否用错，比较级、最高级与原级是否用错。
3、注意标志性的词语以及上下文隐含的比较的含义：如than, as…as, more等。
六、考点精练
(一)单句语法填空
1.【2021·全国甲卷】After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 45 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
Key:better考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。
2.【2021·全国甲卷】but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 50 (day) routines. Key: daily
3.【2021·全国乙卷】 It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate)about the areas.
Key: educated 考查形容词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
4.【2021·全国乙卷】Provide 68(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
Key: financial
5.【2021·新高考Ⅰ卷】It will 58(undoubted) help you get refreshed!
Key:undoubtedly 考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！修饰动词help，应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。
6.【2021·新高考Ⅰ卷】The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the59 (hot) the spring!
Key: hotter 查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the +比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”。故填hotter。
7.2021·新高考Ⅰ卷But that’s how nature is — always leaving us 60 (astonish).
Key:astonished 考查形容词。句意：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾形容词。故填astonished。
8.【2021·浙江高考卷】When the house was built, it was much 39（small）than it is today.
Key: smaller 考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。
9.【2020·全国Ⅰ卷】Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.
Key: extremely。考查副词。修饰形容词challenging要用副词。故填extremely。
10.【2020·全国Ⅰ卷】The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side.
Key:than。考查连词。根据前面的more可知,此处考查连词than。more…than…比……多。“月球背面有很多深深的环形山,比我们熟悉的近侧更多。”
11.【(2020·全国Ⅰ卷】Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
Key: much 考查形容词。ice是不可数名词,故表达询问“多少冰” 时用how much ice。
12.【2020•全国Ⅱ卷】Orange trees are more 64. decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
Key:than。考查固定搭配。more than在此处表示“不仅仅”。句意:橘树不仅仅是装饰;它们是好运和财富的象征。
13.【2020•全国Ⅱ卷】 Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.66. (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
Key:certainly
14.【2020•全国Ⅱ卷】The 69.(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
Key:beautiful。考查词性转换。此处需要形容词和long并列修饰后面的名词branches。
15.【2020•全国Ⅲ卷】One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
Key:finest。考查形容词最高级。空格中的词修饰的是work,根据后文中the best可知应填fine的最高级finest。
16.【2020•全国Ⅲ卷】As the small boat moved68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
Key: gently。考查副词,空格处修饰的是前面的动词moved,应用副词gently。
17.【2020·新高考Ⅰ卷】In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36(wealth)people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
Key:wealthy。考查形容词。分析句子结构可知修饰名词主语people,要用形容词。
18.【2020•浙江高考】Farming produced more food per person 58hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.
Key: than。考查比较级。此处指农业比狩猎和采集的人均生产的粮食多。
19.【2019·全国卷Ⅰ】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied;
Key: poorly考查副词。修饰谓语动词has been studied作状语,应用副词形式,故填poorly。
20、【2018·全国I】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ______(long) than non-runners.Key:longer
21、【2018·全国I】While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life______ walking, cycling or swimming. Key:than
22、【2018·全国II】A taste for meat is ______ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.Key：actually
23、【2018·全国II】According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ______ (globe)fertilizer consumption. Key:global
24、【2018·全国III】He screams the__________(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male (gorilla大猩猩) beats his chest and charges toward me.Key:loudest
25、【2018·浙江】The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be [1]_____(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even [2]______ (high) cost on your health. Key:affordable / higher
26、【吉林长春2018届高三年级四模】And if the worst comes to the worst, remember the old English proverb, “ ______ (well) late than never.”key: better
27、【长沙市雅礼中学、河南省实验中学2018届高三联考】But while I was out of the room, Chip（鹦鹉名） climbed onto the bowl to have a taste but soon fell in and sank.______ (luck), Goldie（鹦鹉名）was on hand and stuck her face in the bowl to fish Chip out.
Key:luckily 【on hand在手边，在附近，在场】【stick插入;刺入】
28、【湖北襄阳四中2018届高三5月第四次模拟】It is [1]______ (increase) clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is partly because China skipped over the PC age and went directly to mobile. China has the [2]______ (large) mobile use in the world.
Key: increasingly/largest
29、【河北石家庄二中2018届高三仿真模拟（一）】Official data show that the country’s digital economy added up to 22.58 trillion yuan last year, ranking second _______ (global) and accounting for around 30 percent of national GDP. key：globally
30、【河南郑州2018届高三下期第三次模拟】However, he(Stephen Hawking) went on to become one of the _____ (great) minds the world has ever known.Key:greatest
31.So get an early start and try to be as productive possible before lunch. Key:as
(二)单句语法改错
1.【2021年全国甲卷】In my opinion, when in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.
Key:考查形容词。此处表示最信任的人。mostly表示 “主要地；通常”; most表示（程度）最大。故mostly 改为most。
2.【2021年全国乙卷】What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
Key:①What’s more 表示 “更重要的是；另外” 。故把most改为more。
②把mentally改为mental, 考查形容词作定语。此处应该用形容词修饰后面的名词relaxation。
3.【2020·全国卷I】Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.
Key:考查形容词。句意：今天我自己尝试做一道简单的菜。根据名词dish可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故将simply改为simple。
4.【2020·全国卷II】I’m surely you’ll have a good time.
Key:考查形容词。句意：我确信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。
5.【2020·全国卷III】In order to make surely all of us are in good health, she makes specific plans for us.
Key:句意：为了确保我们所有人身体好，她为我们制定了特殊的计划。make sure确保，该短语是固定短语，所以副词surely改成形容词sure。
6.【2019·全国卷I】I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.
Key:将interesting改为interested。
7.【2019·全国卷I】I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.
Key:考查副词。“hard（努力地；费力地）”与“hardly（几乎不；几乎没有）”都为副词，但是词义不同。本句意思为：我挡住足球，并使劲地将它踢回操场。故将hardly改为hard。
8.【2019·全国卷II】First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly.
Key:考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked（看起来…样）”为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。
9.【2019·全国卷II】I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.
Key:将too改为very/so。
10.【2019·全国卷II】One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor.
Key:将amazing改为amazed。
11.【2019·全国卷III】What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.
Key:考查形容词的用法。修饰名词cafe，应用形容词。ordinarily 是副词。故把 ordinarily改为 ordinary。
12.【2018·全国I】I felt happily that their life had improved. Key：happily–happy
13.【2018·全国III】I was afraid to speak in front of a larger group of people. Key:larger-large
14.【2017全国I】I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.Key: 划掉much late–later suddenly–sudden
15.【2017全国II】In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden. key: interesting–interested
16.【2017全国II】They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. Key: earlier–early
17.【2017全国III】I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. Key:difference–different late–latest
18.【2016全国I】My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in a short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady. Key:steady–steadily
19.【2016全国II】I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. key：many–much
20.The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. Key:worse–worst
(三)形容词和副词语篇填空训练
Some people think that they will get ill if they use their brains [1]_______ much. It is not true. Through many studies,scientists show us that the [2]_______(much) you use your brain,the better it will be and the [3]________(clever) you’ll become.
Of course, if you want to keep your mind [4]___________(clearly) and active, you must take a proper rest and study [5]__________(proper). To the teenagers, using their brains in the morning is [6]________(well) for their health.
There are many ways to rest.One is a [7]_________(peace) rest. Sleep is a peaceful rest. Another is an [8]________(act) rest. For example, take a walk [9]___________(outdoor) and do more exercise every day. To change the way of brains’ activities is also a good way to rest.
In everyday life, to eat some eggs,meat, fresh vegetables and fruit is also good for the brain.
Wish you a wise man and a [10]__________(happily) life.
Key:1.too 2.more 3.cleverer 4.clear 5.properly 6.good 7.peaceful 8.active 9.outdoors 10.happy
英语资源合集
资源合集： &
歌曲TED： & 演讲
电影纪录片： &
英语教学：
开心英语： &
考研英语语法(考研英语语法谁讲得好)